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\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5927\u5b66\u9a6c\u514b\u65af.\u97e6\u4f2f\u8363\u4f11\u6559\u6388Ivan Szelenyi\u57282015\u5e74\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u671f\u300a\u65b0\u5de6\u6d3e\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u300a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u8bf8\u79cd\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u7684\u96c4\u6587\u3002\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u8bba\u65ad\u662f\uff1a90\u5e74\u4ee3\u5206\u5316\u7684\u524d\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u53c8\u91cd\u65b0\u8d8b\u540c\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u666e\u4eac\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684prebendalism\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u653f\u5e9c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u5e26\u6709\u4e86\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u6743\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u628a\u8d22\u5bcc\u4ece\u4ee5\u524d\u4e0d\u5fe0\u7684\u5bcc\u8c6a\u624b\u4e0a\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u65b0\u7684\u5fe0\u8bda\u7684\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u60f3\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e86Szelenyi\u5bf9\u201c\u540e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u8d8b\u540c\uff0c\u5230\u5206\u5316\uff0c\u5230\u518d\u6b21\u8d8b\u540c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5927\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\uff081\uff09\u57281948\uff0d1989\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4ece\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u8d70\u4e0a\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e\u7684\u8d8b\u540c\u4e4b\u8def\u3002\uff082\uff091989\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u4e0a\u8ff0\u56fd\u5bb6\u4ece\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5411\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8f6c\u53d8\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u59cb\u5206\u5316\uff1a\u5404\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u533a\u57df\uff0d\u4e1c\u4e9a\uff0c\u4e1c\u6b27\u548c\u4e2d\u6b27\uff0d\u90fd\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u76f8\u5f53\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\uff083\uff09\u4f46\u5230\u4e86\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u53c8\u5f00\u59cb\u51fa\u73b0\u8d8b\u540c\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002Szelenyi\u6700\u65e9\u57282010\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd1\u4e9b\u5e74\u6765\u5219\u4e0d\u65ad\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u672f\u8bed\u6765\u6982\u62ec\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d8b\u540c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u5a01\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u65b0\u627f\u88ad\u4f53\u5236\u201d\uff08authoritarian neo-patrimonial system\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

Prebendalism\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u6700\u65b0\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u600e\u4e48\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fd8\u6709\u5f85\u5546\u69b7\uff08\u6c42\u5404\u4f4d\u8d50\u6559\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u660e\u786e\u7684\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u4ece\u97e6\u4f2f\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u201c\u518d\u53d1\u73b0\u201d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u97e6\u4f2f\u8bba\u8ff0\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u4ee5\u524d\u5f88\u5c11\u88ab\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u652f\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u7b80\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u5458\u89c9\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u8d22\u4ea7\u7684\u6301\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u6709\u6743\u5229\u628a\u8d22\u5bcc\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4eb2\u4fe1\u3001\u4eb2\u5c5e\u548c\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u662f\uff1a\u8ba9\u9ed1\u624b\u515a\u5f0f\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u4f17\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u8150\u8d25\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8150\u8d25\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0eSzelenyi\u4e4b\u524d\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fd0\u884c\u903b\u8f91\u533a\u5206\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7684\u601d\u8def\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u8001\u4e61\u201d\u5361\u5c14.\u6ce2\u5170\u5c3c\u3001\u4e9a\u8bfa\u4ec0.\u79d1\u5c14\u5948\u5728\u5185\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u79d1\u5c14\u5948\u5c31\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\uff0c\u7ecf\u5178\u56fd\u5bb6\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u6700\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5728\u4e8e\u4ea7\u6743\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5728\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6574\u5408\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u534f\u8c03\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6574\u5408\u4e00\u6837\u68d2\u7684\u8bcd\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f0a\u4e07\u2022\u585e\u52d2\u5c3c\uff08Iv\u00e1n Szel\u00e9nyi\uff09\u66fe\u5728UCLA\u3001\u8036\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5927\u5b66\u7b49\u9ad8\u6821\u4efb\u6559\uff0c\u4ed6\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u827a\u672f\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u3001\u5308\u7259\u5229\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u3002\u4ed6\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u540e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d8\u8fc1\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u5f53\u4e4b\u65e0\u6127\u7684\u5f00\u62d3\u8005\u548c\u9886\u519b\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\u6bb5\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u53d8\u8fc1\u4e09\u90e8\u66f2\u201d\u2014\u2014\u300a\u901a\u5f80\u9636\u7ea7\u6743\u529b\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u300b\uff081979\uff09\u3001\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bb6\u300b\uff081988\uff0c\u6709\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\uff09\u548c\u300a\u65e0\u987b\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u6253\u9020\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\uff081998\uff0c\u6709\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\uff09\u2014\u2014\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u56fd\u5bb6\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u4e1c\u6b27\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5e45\u6ce2\u6f9c\u58ee\u9614\u8dcc\u5b95\u8d77\u4f0f\u7684\u753b\u5377\u3002\u8fd1\u6765\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u91cd\u70b9\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4e2d\u4e1c\u6b27\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u798f\u5229\u9886\u57df\u5185\u7684\u201c\u4e8c\u6b21\u8f6c\u578b\u201d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u8bba\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u300a\u6392\u65a5\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u300b\uff082006\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u53cd\u6620\u3002\u585e\u52d2\u5c3c\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8bba\u6587\u96c6\u300a\u65b0\u53e4\u5178\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u300b\u7531\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Szelenyi I. Capitalisms after Communisms[J]. New Left Review, 2015(96):1-13.<\/p>\n

Szelenyi I. Weber\u2019s theory of domination and post-communist capitalisms[J]. Theory & Society, 2015:1-24.<\/p>\n

Ivan Szelenyi. Varieties of Social Structure During and After Socialism[J]. Chinese Sociological Review, 2013, 46(2):3-31.<\/p>\n

\u4f0a\u4e07\u00b7\u585e\u52d2\u5c3c\uff0c2015\uff0c\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7684\u4e09\u91cd\u5371\u673a\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u6c5f\u6d77\u5b66\u520a\u300b\u7b2c3\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c21-27\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n

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